We present recent advances in pressure-based monitoring techniques for tracking migrating CO₂ plumes, with field results from the Otway Stage 3 project. We focus on integrating our measurements with other complimentary methods, such as seismic imaging, to reduce uncertainty and provide risk-based monitoring solutions.

We present updated results for pressure tomography using an uncertainty approach with reduced wells and perform simultaneous multi-vintage inversions to help constrain the solution space. We also discuss a joint seismic inversion scheme, which can reconcile results across monitoring modalities.

Finally, we present our recent findings from earth-tide monitoring, which reveals complex amplitude, diurnal and semi-diurnal phase behaviour in the presence of a nearby CO₂ plume.